Strings

Accessing individual characters

Using square brackets, any character of a string can be accessed. The first character has the index 0.

s = 'Manipulating Strings'
print s[0] # first character
print s[3]
print s[-1] # last character
print s[-2] # second last

Creating substrings

Substrings can be formed by applying square brackets with two numbers inside separated by a colon. The second number is not included in the substring itself.

s = 'Manipulating Strings'
print s[1:6] # 'anipu'
Print s[9:13] # 'ing '
print s[0:2] # 'Ma'
print s[:3]
# 'Man'
print s[-4:] # 'ings'

Length of strings

Is returned as an integer by the len() function.

print len('Manipulating Strings')

String functions

There is a number of functions that can be used on every string variable.

s = 'Manipulating Strings '

Changing case:

s.upper()

s.lower()

Removing whitespace at both ends:

s.strip()

Cutting a string into columns:

s.split(' ')

Searching for substrings:

print s.find('ing')

Replacing substrings:

print s.replace('Strings','text')

Removing whitespace at both ends:

s.startswith('Man')

s.endswith('ings')