Lsokolowski1 at 18:32, 22 January 2026

2026-01-22T18:32:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:32, 22 January 2026
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	[[Category:private]]		[[Category:private]]
	~~<slideshow style="nobleprog" headingmark="⌘" incmark="…" scaled="true" font="Trebuchet MS" >~~
	;title: Linux Pro Audio		;title: Linux Pro Audio
	;author: Alexander Patrakov		;author: Alexander Patrakov
	~~</slideshow>~~

	== JACK ⌘==
			== JACK ==

	* JACK Audio Connection Kit		* JACK Audio Connection Kit
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	* Two implementations exist: jackd1 and jackd2		* Two implementations exist: jackd1 and jackd2

	== Types of Pro Audio applications ⌘==		== Types of Pro Audio applications ==

	* Digital audio workstations		* Digital audio workstations
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	* Others		* Others

	== This slideshow will be mostly about programming environments ⌘==		== This slideshow will be mostly about programming environments ==

	* CSound		* CSound
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	* Faust		* Faust

	== Audio data types ⌘==		== Audio data types ==

	* Sampled audio		* Sampled audio
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	** Think of it as a next-generation networked MIDI		** Think of it as a next-generation networked MIDI

	== CSound ⌘==		== CSound ==

	* Created in 1985 by Barry Vercoe		* Created in 1985 by Barry Vercoe
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	* Can also interface with audio and MIDI hardware		* Can also interface with audio and MIDI hardware

	== Mechanism ⌘==		== Mechanism ==

	* Orchestra contains instrument definitions		* Orchestra contains instrument definitions
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	* Finally, some of the variables are sent to the instrument output		* Finally, some of the variables are sent to the instrument output

	== Available primitives (opcodes) for instruments ⌘==		== Available primitives (opcodes) for instruments ==

	* ~1500 opcodes are built-in		* ~1500 opcodes are built-in
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	* User who knows C can also extend CSound with new opcodes		* User who knows C can also extend CSound with new opcodes

	== CSound ecosystem ⌘==		== CSound ecosystem ==

	* CSound itself		* CSound itself

Apatrakov: /* Available primitives (opcodes) for instruments ⌘ */

2017-05-23T17:16:09Z

Available primitives (opcodes) for instruments ⌘

New page

[[Category:private]]
<slideshow style="nobleprog" headingmark="⌘" incmark="…" scaled="true" font="Trebuchet MS" >
;title: Linux Pro Audio
;author: Alexander Patrakov
</slideshow>

== JACK ⌘==

* JACK Audio Connection Kit
* Connects Pro Audio applications with each other and with sound card
* Two implementations exist: jackd1 and jackd2

== Types of Pro Audio applications ⌘==

* Digital audio workstations
* Loopers
* Sequencers
* Synths
* Effect racks
* Programming environments
* Others

== This slideshow will be mostly about programming environments ⌘==

* CSound
* Pure Data (Pd)
* Faust

== Audio data types ⌘==

* Sampled audio
** Usually recorded from a microphone, but may be synthesized
** That's what the consumer gets
* MIDI
** Musical Instrument Digital Interface
** Conveys information about musical notes
*** Notation, pitch, velocity, volume, panning, etc.
*** Also has control messages
* OSC
** Open Sound Control
** Protocol for networking sound synthesizers, computers, and other multimedia devices for purposes such as musical performance or show control
** Think of it as a next-generation networked MIDI

== CSound ⌘==

* Created in 1985 by Barry Vercoe
* A command-line tool
* Takes two text files as input
** Orchestra (set of instruments - descriptions how to make sounds)
** Score (description of what instruments to use, when and how)
** Those two may be unified into a single CSD file
* Produces a wave file as an output
* Can also interface with audio and MIDI hardware

== Mechanism ⌘==

* Orchestra contains instrument definitions
* Instrument definitions contain calls to opcodes
* Opcodes update variables
** a-, k-, i- variables are available
** a- = updated at audio rate, k- = at control rate, i- = at initialization only
* Finally, some of the variables are sent to the instrument output

== Available primitives (opcodes) for instruments ⌘==

* ~1500 opcodes are built-in
** Simple math
** Oscillators
** Additive, subtractive, FM and other synthesizers
** Filters
** Envelope generators
** Ways to define new opcodes in terms of existing ones
* User who knows C can also extend CSound with new opcodes

== CSound ecosystem ⌘==

* CSound itself
* Editors that make editing instrument definitions and scores easy
* Journals and user forums
* Showcases on soundcloud and elsewhere

Linux ProAudio - Revision history

Lsokolowski1 at 18:32, 22 January 2026

Apatrakov: /* Available primitives (opcodes) for instruments ⌘ */